If the only thing that mattered were the end results, what problem would likely arise in the value system?

• A. End-justifies-means
• B. Vacuum of values
• C. Clear mission
• D. Strong ethics

Answer: (B)

When a value system cares only about the end results, there are no guiding norms beyond outcomes. That creates a vacuum of values—no shared standards to decide what counts as fair, honest, or acceptable behavior. Without those principles, actions become arbitrary and can be justified purely by whether they produced the desired result, which undermines trust and integrity in sport. The lack of normative content means there’s nothing to anchor decisions or resolve ethical tensions, leaving the system morally hollow. While it’s true that fixing on ends can lead to the idea that those ends justify the means, the deeper issue is this absence of guiding values.